Self-Drilling Anchor Bolts for Tunnel Forepoling Support

Time:2025-07-09From:sinorock View:

In tunnel engineering support technology is critical for ensuring construction safety and controlling geological risks. Self-drilling pipe roofs, as an innovative support method, have gained widespread adoption in recent years due to their efficiency, flexibility, and ability to adapt to complex geological conditions. This article provides a comprehensive overview of the structure, principles, applications, advantages, and real-world case studies of self-drilling pipe roofs, highlighting their significant role in tunnel forepoling support.

1.Tunnel Forepoling Support

Forepoling support is a widely used auxiliary technique in tunnel construction, designed to reinforce surrounding rock before excavation to ensure safety and stability. By forming an arch-like structure outside the tunnel contour, forepoling support enhances the load-bearing capacity of the surrounding rock, prevents collapses, controls surface settlement, and provides a safe environment for subsequent excavation.

Tunnel Forepoling Support

1.1 Common Types of Pipe Roofs

Common types of pipe roofs include steel pipe roofs, and self-drilling pipe roofs. Steel pipe roofs are widely used due to their high strength and durability, but their installation is complex, requiring pre-drilled holes. Self-drilling pipe roofs, which integrate drilling and anchoring functions, simplify the construction process and have become increasingly popular in tunnel engineering.

1.2 Principles of Forepoling Support

The principle of forepoling support involves inserting pipes into the surrounding rock along the tunnel contour before excavation, forming an arch-like structure. This structure effectively distributes stress in the surrounding rock, enhancing its overall stability. By working in conjunction with the surrounding rock, pipe roofs limit deformation, reduce surface settlement, and provide a stable working environment for excavation. Forepoling support is typically used in combination with other support methods, such as anchor bolts and shotcrete, to further improve support effectiveness.

2. Structure of Self-Drilling Pipe Roofs

Structure of Self-Drilling Pipe Roofs

Self-drilling pipe roofs are an advanced support system that integrates drilling, anchoring, and grouting functions. Their main components include:

• Hollow Anchor Rod: Made of high-strength steel, with a hollow core serving as both a drilling channel and a grouting conduit.

• Drill Bit: Positioned at the front of the anchor rod, designed to suit various geological conditions, such as soft soil, gravel, or hard rock.

• Coupler: Used to connect multiple anchor rod segments, extending the pipe roof length.

• Grouting System: Injects cement or chemical grout through the hollow anchor rod to enhance bonding with the surrounding rock.

The unique design of self-drilling pipe roofs eliminates the need for pre-drilling, as the anchor rod itself acts as a drill rod, significantly improving construction efficiency.

3. Applications of Self-Drilling Pipe Roofs

Applications of Self-Drilling Pipe Roofs

Self-drilling pipe roofs are suitable for a variety of complex geological conditions, performing exceptionally well in the following scenarios:

• Weak and Fractured Strata: In sandy soil, clay, or fault zones, self-drilling pipe roofs effectively reinforce the surrounding rock to prevent collapses.

• Shallow-Buried Tunnels: In urban tunnel construction with strict surface settlement requirements, self-drilling pipe roofs effectively control deformation.

• Complex Hydrogeological Conditions: In areas with high groundwater content or seepage, self-drilling pipe roofs can seal water flow through grouting, enhancing rock stability.

• Emergency Rescue Projects: In cases of tunnel collapses or geological disasters, the rapid construction of self-drilling pipe roofs makes them a preferred choice.

4. Advantages of Self-Drilling Pipe Roofs

Advantages of Self-Drilling Pipe Roofs

Compared to traditional pipe roofs, self-drilling pipe roofs offer significant advantages:

• High Construction Efficiency: Integrating drilling, anchoring, and grouting eliminates the need for separate drilling, reducing construction time.

• Strong Adaptability: Capable of handling various drilling, from soft soil to hard rock.

• Cost-Effectiveness: Reduced equipment and labor costs, lowering overall construction expenses.

• High Safety: Reduced installation in tunnel construction time and reliable anchoring drilling reduces geological hazards during construction.

5. Case of Self-Drilling Pipe Roofs

Case of Self-Drilling Pipe Roofs

In pipe roofing for Zhengzhou-Wanzhou High-speed railway, the construction site was in complex geological conditions. The construction team adopted super-drilling pipe roofs as an advanced drilling support measure. During the drilling process, the super-drilling pipe roofs, drilling, with their efficient drilling and tunneling techniques, quickly developed a tunnel system. Ultimately, drilling reduces tunneling time by approximately 15%.

Conclusion

Self-drilling pipe roof systems, as an advanced tunnel forepoling support technology, have gained widespread adoption in modern tunnel engineering due to their efficiency, flexibility, and reliability. Their unique structural design and construction methods make them highly effective in complex geological conditions, particularly for urban tunnels, weak strata, and emergency rescue projects. With ongoing advancements in material science and construction technology, self-drilling pipe roof systems are poised to play an even greater role in ensuring safe and efficient tunnel construction in the future.

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